What are Tamoxifen Side Effects?

Tamoxifen is a drug that is usually available only by prescription. Generally, it is distributed in the form of tablets for breast cancer treatment or prevention. The National Cancer Institute says the drug may be used in the treatment of other types of cancers as well. Although it has been approved by health authorities such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States (US), there are certain side effects attributed to the drug. These include blood clots, uterine cancer, and impotence.

The tamoxifen side effects which many people are most concerned with is the drug’s connection with the development of cancer. Research on the effects of this drug has not provided conclusive proof that it causes cancer of any sort. However, research does show it increases the risks of both endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma. The development of these uterine cancers is not a concern for women who have had a hysterectomy.

There are several commonly reported vaginal tamoxifen side effects. To begin with, many women taking the drug report problems such as vaginal dryness, itching, and discharge. The skin around the vagina may become sensitive or irritated. In addition to this, women’s periods may begin to occur on abnormal schedules, their libido may drop, and they may experience hot flashes. Men may also experience sexual side effects, including impotence and decreased sexual interest.

Increased blood clotting is also on the list of serious tamoxifen side effects. The National Cancer Institute notes that people taking this medication have increased risks of both blood clots and strokes. However, the institute says the number of people in this risk group is fairly small. It is also noted that these risks tend to be highest among those who are taking other cancer treatment drugs with tamoxifen.

There are several reported tamoxifen side effects that pertain to the eyes. Physicians are advised to be aware of the possibility of the drug’s toxic effect on the eyes. Research has revealed that deposits do exist in the eyes of some patients. While conclusions of the exact extent of the drug's effect on the eyes have not been reached, problems such as cataracts, corneal changes, and retinal lesions have been reported and are believed to have resulted from the consumption of tamoxifen.

Other common tamoxifen side effects include nausea and vomiting. Many people, both male and female, tend to experience headaches. Consumption of the drug has also been connected with mood swings.