Coenzyme Q10 supplements are dietary supplements that contain the naturally occurring substance coenzyme Q10. Coenzyme Q10 is widely distributed in the body, and helps to generate the body's main source of energy, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Supplements containing coenzyme Q10 have been studied for the possible relief or treatment of a number conditions. Some conditions studied in connection with coenzyme Q10 supplements include heart disease, congestive heart failure, angina, and statin drug side effects.
A coenzyme is an organic molecule that participates in biochemical reactions, but it is not a protein like true enzymes are. Q10 refers to the molecule's chemical classification. Coenzyme Q10 is also known as ubiquinone because of its ubiquitous or extensive distribution in the body. It is necessary for the energy-producing structures of each cell, the mitochondria, to function properly. It is also recognized as an antioxidant, a category of substances that may have beneficial effects on a wide range of health problems.
Coenzyme Q10 supplements have been recommended by some doctors for people who take cholesterol-lowering drugs. These drugs may block the body's natural production of coenzyme Q10. Some studies appear to confirm that coenzyme Q10 supplements are helpful in reducing angina, a painful symptom of coronary artery disease. In some studies, the supplements have reduced symptoms of congestive heart failure, a condition in which the heart doesn't pump enough blood. Other heart and circulatory conditions that could benefit from coenzyme Q10 supplements include irregular heart beats, high blood pressure, and disease of the heart muscle.
In some studies, coenzyme Q10 supplements have been found to reduce the symptoms of Parkinson's when taken regularly. Other areas of research for this supplement include diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, immune system function, and possibly some cancers. Some conditions such as heart disease or gum disease, diabetes, and morbid obesity may lower the body's natural ability to produce coenzyme Q10. Supplements are not necessarily recommended for people with these conditions.
The concentration of coenzyme Q10 supplements varies, though common doses are 30-150 mg for daily use. A doctor should be consulted about taking much higher levels for therapeutic reasons. Taking a coenzyme Q10 supplement in an oil-containing form or with a meal may improve absorption. Although coenzyme Q10 acts in some ways like a vitamin, its levels in food sources are not fully known. Dietary sources include meat and fish, as well as whole grains, nuts, oils, and vegetables.