What are the Different Immune System Diseases?

Immune system diseases are medical conditions in which the body's immune system does not function properly. There are several different types of immune system diseases, and many of the symptoms may be similar, making it very important to see a doctor in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis. Some of the more common immune system diseases include type 1 diabetes, lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and celiac disease.

Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common immune system diseases. This condition occurs when the pancreas is not able to produce enough of a hormone known as insulin, and this affects the body's ability to properly regulate blood sugar levels. Symptoms may include varying degrees of fatigue, extreme hunger or thirst, or unintentional weight loss. Some patients may develop vision problems or numbness and tingling, especially in the feet. Treatment may include dietary changes and the use of prescription medications to help keep the blood sugar levels at a healthy level.

Lupus erythematosus is another of the most common immune system diseases. This disease varies widely for each patient and can be mildly irritating, or it can become so severe that death occurs due to damage to the internal organs of the body. Some of the more common symptoms include fatigue, hair loss, and sensitivity to sunlight. Some patients will develop a rash across the bridge of the nose and under the eyes that resembles a butterfly. Prescription medications and lifestyle modifications are typically used to treat this disease.

Yet another of the more common immune system diseases is known as multiple sclerosis. This condition involves damage to the protective covering over the nerves of the body, particularly in the brain and spinal cord. This condition can be mild or seriously debilitating, and symptoms often come and go in no predictable fashion. Symptoms may include muscle weakness, balance problems, or muscle and nerve pain. Some people may experience trouble walking and need to use a supportive device such as a wheelchair, at least on occasion.

Celiac disease is also among the more common immune system diseases. This disease causes damage to the lining of the intestines, often causing abdominal pain, constipation, and lactose intolerance. Fatigue, muscle pain, and bruising easily may also be symptoms of this disease. Many people find considerable relief from these symptoms when eliminating the dietary consumption of gluten, the protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.