Trazodone hydrochloride is a medication that is often prescribed to treat symptoms of depression. A patient may also take it to treat chronic pain, anxiety disorders, and insomnia. This antidepressant works by acting on the brain to balance levels of the chemical serotonin. Before taking this drug, patients should be aware that those who are younger than 25 years old may rarely experience worsening depression and suicidal thoughts or actions when taking an antidepressant. Patients and caregivers should be aware of possible signs of this, including panic attacks, rapid speech, and impulsive actions.
A doctor will typically prescribe one to two doses of trazodone hydrochloride daily. Depending on the specific brand of the drug, some patients will be instructed to take it with a meal, while others should take it on an empty stomach. This medicine may be available in an extended-release formula, which should be swallowed whole. Those who experience drowsiness may wish to take the dose at bedtime. The doctor may begin the patient on a lower dosage, to be gradually increased as needed.
Certain precautions should be followed while taking trazodone hydrochloride. Patients must avoid consuming alcohol, because this can increase the risk of side effects. They should also stand up slowly from a sitting or prone position, because dizziness can occur. Those who wish to discontinue the antidepressant should do so gradually under the direction of their doctors. Abrupt discontinuance can cause withdrawal effects, such as fatigue, nausea, and headache.
Some side effects may occur while using the antidepressant, which should be reported to the prescribing physician if they become severe. Patients may experience blurred vision, bad taste in the mouth, and dry mouth. Dizziness, a mild headache, and unintentional changes in weight may also occur. Other side effects can include nausea, vomiting, and constipation.
More serious side effects require a doctor's urgent care. These can include chest pain, pain that spreads to the shoulder or arm, and shallow or stopped breathing. Seizures, memory problems, and rapid or uneven heartbeats may occur rarely. Trazodone hydrochloride may also cause hallucinations, overactive reflexes, and loss of coordination. Feeling faint, extreme mood swings, and very rigid muscles have also been reported.
Before using trazodone hydrochloride, patients should disclose any other medical conditions, medications, or supplements. It should not be used by women who are breastfeeding, and those who are pregnant should discuss risks with their doctors. Trazodone hydrochloride may be contraindicated for use by those with a history of suicidal thoughts or drug abuse, bipolar disorder, or those with heart, liver, or kidney disease. It may interact with other medicines, including blood thinners, antifungal drugs, and other antidepressants, as well as certain antibiotics and heart or blood pressure medications.