What is Cyrtostachys?

Cyrtostachys is a small genus in the palm family, with less than five known species, of which the most famous is C. renda, also known as the lipstick palm or red wax palm. These palms are cultivated in many regions of the world as ornamental plants and can be grown both indoors and outdoors. Gardeners interested in growing a Cyrtostachys palm have a number of propagation options, including growing from seeds, dividing suckers on a mature palm, or purchasing a seedling through a nursery or garden supply store.

Members of this genus have distinctive red stems and feathery green leaves, like those seen in other palms. They are native to the swamps of Southeast Asia and prefer a humid, wet environment. Indigenous populations in the native range of this genus use the plants in a number of ways, including as a source of thatching, timber for flooring, and food, in the form of the tender centers of mature plants, known as hearts of palm. In addition, Cyrtostachys can also be used to make darts, a tool used in some communities in Southeast Asia for hunting.

These trees are not hardy. People who wish to grow them will need to live in United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) zones 10 or 11, or have access to a greenhouse for growing trees in a sheltered environment. Frost will kill a tree or cause severe damage to the foliage. The plants prefer rich, moist soil and can grow safely in standing water, reflecting their swamp origins. Full sun to partial shade is ideal for cultivating a Cyrtostachys and the plants can be pruned to remove old, dead leaves and keep them looking tidy.

As a specimen planting, a Cyrtostachys can be an excellent addition to the garden. The stems stand out against other plants and foliage and pair well with bold tropical flowers and visually interesting foliage like variegated foliage. People can also grow these palms in clumps or massed plantings, and they may be used to make borders and privacy screens as well. Seedlings sometimes have difficulty establishing themselves and should be watched closely for signs of stress like browning or drooping leaves.

Sprouting from seed can be accomplished in a warm, humid environment. Once seedlings are well developed, they can be transplanted to the outside or placed in large containers for growing. As the palms mature, they should also produce suckers, secondary palms with attached root systems. The suckers can be gently separated and used to establish a new Cyrtostachys.