What Is Cabergoline?

Cabergoline is a medication usually given to an individual on a temporary, short-term basis to regulate the body's production of prolactin. When too much of this hormone is produced, there can be a variety of negative effects on the body. This drug can be prescribed for several reasons. It is often used for individuals diagnosed with fertility problems, tumors in the pituitary gland, and other problems associated with too much prolactin in the blood.

Known as a dopamine receptor antagonist, cabergoline interferes with the way prolactin is manufactured by the pituitary gland. It will typically be prescribed for several months, and during this time the patient will undergo several blood tests to determine the efficiency of the drug. If the levels of prolactin reach a satisfactory level and remain there, the prescription will be removed. This process typically takes about six months to complete, after which the cause and condition are generally removed.

Cabergoline is available in tablet form and is often marketed under the brand name Dostinex®. The tablets come in different sizes and dosing strengths, allowing the prescribing medical professional to determine the precise dose for maximum efficiency. Often, the dose will increase or decrease, so it is important to follow the prescription carefully. It is possible to overdose on the medication, in which case the individual may often suffer from hallucinations, fainting spells, and a fast or irregular heartbeat.

When taking cabergoline, it is not unusual for an individual to develop mild side effects. These can include headaches and fatigue, as well as gastrointestinal distress such as vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. These are generally at their worst when first starting the medication and can fade as the body adjusts to the drug. Some individuals can experience serious side effects such as difficulty breathing, lightheadedness that may lead to a loss of consciousness, sudden weight gain, edema or swelling in the extremities, and flu-like symptoms such as a fever, cough, chest pain, and body aches.

The medication may be dangerous for some individuals who have a preexisting condition. It will typically not be prescribed for those who have been diagnosed with some kinds of heart disease or liver disease, or those with pulmonary fibrosis. Cabergoline can also interfere with other types of medication, so full disclosure to the prescribing medical professional is important. It has been approved for use in individuals of all ages.