Infliximab for ulcerative colitis is used effectively in patients with moderate to severe disease who do not respond adequately to first line treatment. It is given by slow intravenous injection under medical supervision and is available usually by prescription only. Infliximab is known by different trade names in different countries according to manufacturer.
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory disease of the bowel which usually affects the tissue of the colon and rectum. It is a chronic disease which may go through latent, or remission, periods, but has no cure. Treatment is symptomatic. The symptoms, depending on the severity and which part of the colon is affected, may include pain, cramping and bloody diarrhea. If left untreated, some forms of severe ulcerative colitis may result in serious complications.
While the exact cause of ulcerative colitis is not known, it seems likely that genetics and/or an autoimmune reaction may trigger it. It usually develops slowly, over time, and results in inflammation and ulceration of the bowel and the resultant debilitating symptoms. Once diagnosed, the treating doctor will decide on the best treatment on a case-by-case basis.
Drugs used to treat ulcerative colitis may include anti-diarrheals, pain medications and anti-inflammatories such as sulfasalazine and corticosteroids. If the patient’s symptoms do not respond sufficiently, immunosuppressant drugs such as azathioprine or infliximab may be given. In some cases an antibiotic may be necessary. The proposed mechanism by which infliximab works for ulcerative colitis is by reducing inflammatory cell movement and encouraging healing of the ulcers.
After deciding to use infliximab for ulcerative colitis, the doctor will explain the possible side effects which may be experienced. These include allergic reactions, dizziness and headache. The patient may be more susceptible to infections during treatment with infliximab for ulcerative colitis.
As with any medication, interactions may occur. The prescribing doctor should be informed of any other drugs, including homeopathic, over-the-counter and complementary medications. Pregnancy, desired pregnancy and lactation should also be discussed.
When using infliximab for ulcerative colitis it is usually given as a single dose, then two weeks later, four weeks after that and then eight week intervals. It is usually administered in the hospital or the doctor's clinics as it is given by slow infusion over a couple of hours. Due to the risk of adverse effects when using infliximab for ulcerative colitis, the patient may be given some medication prior to administration to minimize the chance of side effects. Should adverse effects occur at any time during treatment, medical advice should be sought.