What is Layia?

Layia is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, native to western North America and found primarily in California. These plants are herbaceous annuals with small blooms physically similar to their daisy relatives. Several species are cultivated ornamentally in gardens around the world. They are very easy to grow and have low maintenance needs. Seeds are available at nurseries, through gardening catalogs, and in gardening exchanges.

The plants can grow as large as two feet (60 centimeters) in height, producing green lacy foliage and dark stems. The flowers are white or yellow and in some cases are yellow with white tips. The distinctive appearance of the bi-colored flowers explains the common name of “tidy tips,” often applied to members of this genus. In the fall, the flowers will die back, reseeding for next year.

Several Layia species have been identified only in very small, isolated ranges, and they are cause for conservation concern. These flowers are highly vulnerable to habitat destruction, as well as highly active human populations. Endangered and threatened Layia species are studied by botanists interested in preserving them as well as learning more about the evolution of the genus as a whole. Gene sequencing is one technique researchers can use to learn more about the history of plant species.

Other species have robust populations, including populations of plants in domestic cultivation. People interested in growing Layia can start seeds indoors or directly in the soil. Rich, well-drained soil is recommended for germination, although the plants can thrive in a variety of soil conditions. Many are tolerant of salt and other minerals and can handle coarse, sandy, and dry soils. Watering needs are usually minimal and these annuals can be a good choice for a low water garden. The plants can develop a slightly ragged or weedy appearance as they grow older.

Seeds should not be collected in the wild, as it is important to avoid disturbing endangered species. In areas where Layia is native, people can identify the plants on plant walks, but should avoid handling them, picking flowers, or collecting seeds. Seeds for cultivation should be readily available for people interested in growing the plants without threatening wild populations. People interested in endangered and threatened wildflowers may be able to take a guided tour or walk in a region where endangered plants are common to get an opportunity to identify and document rare species in their natural habitat.