What Is Involved in Chemotherapy for Sarcoma?

The use of chemotherapy for sarcoma greatly improves the chances of survival for many patients with this form of cancer, especially if it is diagnosed and treated in the earliest stages of the disease. Chemotherapy drugs are usually delivered directly into the bloodstream through the use of a small catheter known as an IV, although injections or oral medications may sometimes be used. Additional drugs may be administered to combat side effects of chemotherapy, such as nausea and vomiting. Several cycles of the medications are usually needed, with a brief rest period between cycles. Any specific questions or concerns about the administration of chemotherapy for sarcoma on an individual basis should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.

Chemotherapy drugs are made from strong chemicals designed to destroy cancer cells or prevent the rapid growth of the cells. The chemicals used in chemotherapy for sarcoma may also leave the immune system compromised, causing the patient to be more vulnerable to infection. Frequent hand washing and avoiding contact with people who are sick is important during treatment. Some of the possible side effects of chemotherapy for sarcoma include fatigue, nausea, and hair loss.

In some cases, oral medications are used during chemotherapy for sarcoma. Tablets may be given at regular intervals, and the medication is broken down by the digestive system before being released into the bloodstream. In other situations, a series of injections may be given. The most common way to receive the necessary medications when undergoing chemotherapy for sarcoma is through IV administration.

When preparing for IV chemotherapy for sarcoma, a small catheter is inserted into a vein, usually in the hand. This allows the medical staff to directly introduce the needed medications into the bloodstream without having to stick the patient multiple times with a needle. In some cases, a catheter is inserted near the heart. This type of catheter usually stays in place for several weeks or months so that additional needle sticks are not necessary.

Patients who must undergo lengthy bouts of chemotherapy for sarcoma may have an access port surgically implanted under the skin. This is a more permanent access point so that delivery of the drugs is easier for the patient as well as the medical staff. A specialized pump system may be sent home with the patient so that treatment can be continued outside of the medical facility. When the chemotherapy treatment has been completed, the port can be removed.