What Is Dexamethasone Ointment?

Dexamethasone ointment is a prescription medication that is used to treat inflammatory conditions affecting the eyes. This steroid medication is usually combined with an antibiotic and may help to prevent or treat infections of the eye caused by bacteria. This ointment should not be used to treat fungal infections and may not be safe for use by those with certain other medical conditions. Mild eye irritation is the most common side effect of this medication, although more serious side effects, such as allergic reactions or vision loss, may occasionally occur. Any specific questions or concerns about the use of dexamethasone ointment in an individual situation should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.

Made from a synthetic steroid, dexamethasone ointment may be used to treat a variety of conditions that cause the eyes to swell. This drug has a tendency to hide signs of any underlying infections of the eye, so an antibiotic is frequently added to this ointment in order to prevent or treat bacterial eye infections. Occasionally, dexamethasone ointment may also cause a secondary eye infection, so many doctors prefer to prescribe formulations that contain antibiotics.

The majority of patients who use dexamethasone ointment do not experience any negative side effects, although any new or worsening symptoms should be reported to a doctor for further evaluation. Mild eye irritation such as stinging or burning may occur just after applying the ointment. Any preexisting wounds or eye irritation may take longer to heal when using this medication. Severe pain or signs of worsening infection should be reported to a doctor right away.

Visual disturbances such as glaucoma or the development of cataracts may occur as a result of long-term dexamethasone ointment usage. Any changes in vision or persistent eye pain should be evaluated for possible complications. In rare cases, temporary or permanent loss of vision may occur when using this drug.

Some people may develop an allergic reaction to dexamethasone ointment, even if this medication has been well tolerated in the past. Itchy, watery eyes, runny nose, or sneezing are common symptoms of a mild allergic reaction. More severe symptoms, such as facial swelling, difficulty breathing, or chest pain, may indicate the development of a potentially life-threatening type of allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis. An anaphylactic reaction can cause the throat to swell so much that breathing becomes impossible, potentially leading to brain damage or death within a matter of minutes without emergency medical care.