What Is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a somewhat common childhood disorder that often causes children to be inattentive, impulsive, and generally hyperactive. Once it is diagnosed by a doctor, it can be treated with medication and proper management, but cannot typically be cured. If it is not treated, affected children can go on to have difficulty concentrating and reigning in impulsivity later in life. This disorder is diagnosed in boys about three times more often than it is in girls.

One of the main symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is impulsivity, in which the child acts first and thinks second. This often leads to him lashing out unexpectedly, appearing easily irritable, and interrupting conversations regularly. Inattention is another common symptom, making it difficult for the child to listen to directions, comprehend normal conversations, or get through the day without daydreaming. The third main sign is hyperactivity, in which the child finds it nearly impossible to sit or stand still for long, and constantly fidgets. Some children affected by attention deficit hyperactivity disorder exhibit all of these symptoms often, while others seem to display only certain signs most of the time.

This disorder is often diagnosed by a child psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker, or behavioral pediatrician. Typically, though, the first person to notice and suspect attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a child is the parent or teacher, who can then refer him to a specialist in this field. To diagnose this disorder, school records are typically checked, along with medical records provided by a pediatrician. Parents and teachers are usually also asked to complete a survey describing the regular behavior of the child, and the child may also be asked to complete tests. Additionally, other disorders will need to be ruled out, such as hearing and vision problems, depression, or learning disabilities.

Once it is determined that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the culprit for the symptoms, treatment can begin. Most children are given medication, such as Ritalin® or Dexedrine®, both of which are known for increasing the ability for the child to pay attention, while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsivity. Additionally, parents and teachers need to be made aware of the best ways to treat the child to help him succeed in school. Changes will likely need to be made in this area, such as special classes for part of the day, or extra tutoring to ensure that the child is getting his work done. Therapy may also be recommended to improve the child's behavior overall.

it is important to emphasize that an accurate ADHD diagnosis is the crucial starting point for individuals seeking help and support. Beyond the diagnosis, fostering empathy, awareness, and a supportive community is equally vital. By working together to break down stigmas and misconceptions, we can create an environment where individuals with ADHD can harness their unique talents and thrive, contributing their remarkable perspectives and abilities to enrich our society.