What Is an Enoxaparin Injection?

An enoxaparin injection is a prescription medication used to prevent and treat blood clots. This medication works by lowering the number of proteins in the blood responsible for clotting and is typically injected just underneath the skin. The enoxaparin injection may be given by a health care professional, or in some cases, the patient may be trained on how to self-inject the drug. Common side effects include skin irritation at the site of the injection, fever, or headache, although more serious side effects are possible. Any individualized questions or concerns about the use of the enoxaparin injection should be discussed with a doctor or other medical professional.

Patients who are on bed rest, are recovering from some surgical procedures, or those who have heart problems such as angina may be given an enoxaparin injection. This medication is normally injected underneath the skin twice a day for 10 to 14 days or as directed by a physician. When given in a hospital setting, the enoxaparin injection is administered by a health care professional. If the medication is to be used at home, the patient will be instructed on how to self-administer the drug.

Those with certain medical conditions or patients who are taking some medications may not be advised to receive an enoxaparin injection. A person who is allergic to pork products or a medication known as heparin should not use this drug. The doctor should also be notified of any underlying health issues involving the liver, kidneys, or heart as well as all medications that are being taken, including vitamin supplements and herbal remedies.

Most patients do not experience serious side effects relating to the enoxaparin injection, although mild skin irritation at the injection site may occur. If symptoms such as fever, fatigue, or easy bruising occur, a doctor should be notified for further medical evaluation. Additional symptoms such as swelling of the hands or feet, black or bloody stool, or severe abdominal pain should be reported immediately, as these may be signs of a severe complication.

Rarely, a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis may occur following an enoxaparin injection. These symptoms may include swelling of the face, tongue, or throat and difficulty breathing. These symptoms should be treated as a medical emergency, as permanent brain damage or death may occur within a matter of minutes if there is a lack of oxygen to the body.