What Is Ampicillin Sodium?

Ampicillin sodium is an antibiotic medication that is similar to penicillin, and works by killing certain types of bacteria in the body. A doctor may prescribe it for a wide range of bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections, heart valve infections, and pneumonia, as well as meningitis. While undergoing treatment with ampicillin sodium, patients may need to have periodic exams and blood tests to assess the efficacy of the drug.

There are no oral forms of this medication available for use. A healthcare professional will inject the drug into a muscle or administer it intravenously, or the patient may be shown how to administer each dose himself. Most patients will receive four to six doses daily until the infection has been eliminated. When ampicillin sodium is administered intravenously, it is done so over the course of about 30 minutes to reduce the risk of seizures.

Those who receive ampicillin sodium intravenously should monitor themselves for signs of a secondary infection around the catheter site. The skin may appear unusually red or swollen, and it may be tender to the touch. Some patients may experience pain, warmth, and irritation. Drainage may also be visible around the catheter site. If any of these side effects occur, the patient should contact his doctor as soon as possible.

Other side effects may occur with the use of ampicillin sodium, which should be reported to the prescribing physician if they become severe. Vomiting, upset stomach, and diarrhea may occur. Some patients have also reported a mild skin rash.

More severe side effects require urgent medical attention, such as a severe skin rash, typically accompanied with hives, itching, and difficulty breathing. Seizures, dizziness, and unusual bruising or bleeding have also been reported. Other patients have noticed headaches, sore mouth or throat, and problems swallowing. Yellowing of the skin or eyes, persistent abdominal pain, and fever have also been reported.

Antibiotics may sometimes cause an oral or vaginal yeast infection. Patients should contact their doctors if they experience vaginal discharge, vaginal discomfort, or white patches in the mouth. Ampicillin sodium may also result in severe intestinal problems, such as persistent diarrhea and blood or mucus in the stool. Patients who experience these symptoms should contact their doctors, and avoid using narcotics or anti-diarrhea products.

Before using this medication to treat a bacterial infection, patients should disclose their other medical conditions, medications, and supplements. This drug may be contraindicated for use by those with kidney or liver disease, stomach problems, and hay fever. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should discuss potential risks with their doctors. Ampicillin sodium may interact with other drugs, including oral contraceptives, blood thinners, and vitamins, as well as other antibiotics.